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Objective:To explore the influence of interpregnancy interval (IPI) on pregnancy complications in multiparas.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study involving 7 669 singleton parturients who delivered at ≥28 gestational weeks in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University between December 2015 and December 2020 and had given birth in the third trimester before. Clinical data were collected, including the baseline characteristics, pregnancy complications, gestational weeks at delivery, and neonatal birth weight. According to the IPI, these women were divided into five groups: <12 months ( n=350), 12-<24 months ( n=945), 24-<60 months ( n=2 544), 60-<120 months ( n=2 478), and ≥120 months ( n=1 352). Based on the recommendation of the World Health Organization, pregnant women with an IPI of 24-<60 months were the control group. A multivariate logistic model was used to adjust for confounders and calculate the risks of pregnancy complications, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). The influences of maternal age and previous delivery mode on the associations between IPI and maternal complications were analyzed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square test, and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results:Compared with the control group, the incidence of GDM and HDP increased in the 60-<120 months group ( OR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.01-1.48 and OR=1.47, 95% CI: 1.13-1.92) and ≥120 months group ( OR=1.37, 95% CI:1.07-1.78 and OR=1.92, 95% CI: 1.39-2.64); the risks of uterine rupture/postpartum hemorrhage and placental abruption increased in the <12 months group ( OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.01-2.34) and 12-<24 months group ( OR=2.38 95% CI: 1.13-5.02), respectively. In the 60-<120 months group, the risk of GDM increased only in non-elderly women (adjusted OR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.36-2.14), so did the risks of GDM and HDP in the ≥120 months group (adjusted OR=3.11, 95% CI: 2.10-4.62 and adjusted OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.12-2.91). Among women who had undergone a previous cesarean section, the risk of GDM increased in the ≥120 months group (adjusted OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.00-1.81). In the 60-<120 months group and ≥120 months group, the risk of HDP increased in postpartum women (adjusted OR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.08-2.95 and adjusted OR=3.32, 95% CI: 1.91-5.77). Conclusion:IPI≥60 months is a risk factor for GDM and HDP, and the associations between IPI and maternal complications are influenced by maternal age.
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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)is one of the most important chronic respiratory complications in premature infants.Due to the lack of effective preventive and therapeutic measures, BPD is a widely concerning problem which affects the short- and long-term outcomes of premature infants.The inflammation play an important role in the occurrence and development of BPD, and the anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids has been widely applied in the treatment and prevention of BPD.Antenatal glucocorticoids use can promote fetal lung maturation, and can reduce the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome and BPD.Glucocorticoids were also used to prevent and treat BPD in postnatal period, and no consistent conclusions was gained in different type of corticoids.This article will review the efficacy, safety, timing, and dosage of hydrocortisone in the prevention and treatment of BPD.
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Objective To investigate the influence of Trisialoganglioside-GTlb combined with Edaravone Injection on clinical effect and serum related indicators in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods A total of 126 cases of patients with acute cerebral infarction in our hospital from October 2010 to May 2016 were selected and divided into observation group and control group,63 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were treated with regular treatment and Edaravone Injection,and patients in the observation group were treated with regular treatment,Edaravone Injection and Trisialoganglioside-GTlb.The clinical effect,NIHSS scores,Barthel index scores,serum level of neuron specific enolase (NSE),S100β protein,superoxyde dismutase (SOD),advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and malondiadehyde (MDA) were compared.Results The total effective rate of the observation group (90.48％) was significantly higher than that of the control group (76.19％),the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).After two weeks of treatment,two groups of NIHSS and Barthel index scores were significantly lower than before treatment,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05);and the NIHSS and Barthel index scores of observation group were significantly lower than that of control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).NIHSS scores,Barthel index scores of the observation group were significantly better than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05);The serum level of NSE,S100,AOPP,MDA of two groups after treatment were significantly lower than that before treatment,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05);and the above indexes of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05);SOD levels of two groups were significantly increased than before treatment,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05);and the SOD levels of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Trisialoganglioside-GT1b can synergy improve the clinical effect of Edaravone Injection in patients with acute cerebral infarction,and be good to recovery the neurologic function and ability of daily living,and these may be related to the change of the serum level of NSE,S100β protein,SOD,AOPP and MDA.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of inhaled corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease (CLD) in preterm infants. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, the ISI Web of Knowledge databases, CBM, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Data were searched for the period up to Oct. 2016. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about inhaled corticosteroids for preventing CLD in preterm infants were collected. The RCTs had been screened, data were extracted and assessed. The mata-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software. Result A total of 12 RCTs were included (a total of 2051 preterm neonates). Compared with control group, in 28 day old group, the incidence of CLD was not significantly different between experimental and control groups (RR=0.87, 95%CI:0.74-1.03, P=0.11) and (RR=1.19, 95%CI:0.59-2.43, P=0.63) and no significant difference among subgroups budesonide (α), beclomethasone (β), fluticasone (γ) (RR=0.89, 95%CI:0.69-1.14, P=0.35), (RR=0.86, 95%CI:0.69-1.08, P=0.19) and (RR=0.91, 95%CI:0.60-1.38, P=0.19). In 36 wk postmenstrual age group,the incidence of CLD was decreased in experimental group and in subgroups inhalation (A), Intratracheal administration (B), α, γ (RR=0.70, 95%CI: 0.61-0.80, P<0.00001), (RR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.63-0.87, P=0.0003), (RR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.43-0.76, P=0.0002), (RR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.57-0.78, P<0.00001) and (RR=0.58, 95%CI: 0.36-0.94, P=0.03); but it is not significantly different in subgroup β(RR=0.98, 95%CI: 0.69-1.39, P=0.90); There was no difference in the motality in experimental and subgroups A ,B, α, β , γ (RR=1.07, 95%CI:0.86-1.33, P=0.55), (RR=1.24, 95%CI: 0.97-1.59, P=0.09), (RR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.43-1.03, P=0.07), (RR=1.04, 95%CI: 0.81-1.33, P=0.78), (RR=1.47, 95%CI: 0.79-2.74, P=0.22) and (RR=0.91, 95%CI: 0.47-1.74, P=0.77). No clinically significant adverse effects were observed during the study. Conclusions This updated review indicated that early administration of inhaled steroids to very low birth weight preterm neonates was effective in reducing the incidence of CLD. There was no statistically significant effect of inhaled steroids on motality, and there was no significant correlation between the mode of administration and the type of drug delivery, It is recommended to observe the 36 week gestational age as the outcome index. More and larger randomised placebo-controlled trials including long-term follow up are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of inhalation corticosteroids.
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BACKGROUND:Percutaneous vertebroplasty with bone cement injection has the advantages of minimal invasion, short time, effectively restoring vertebral body height, preventing further colapse of the vertebral body and obvious analgesic effect, which has became an effective method for the treatment of elderly osteoporotic compression fractures. OBJECTIVE:To observe the therapeutic effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty with bone cement injection on elderly osteoporotic compression fractures. METHODS:Sixty-two patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture, including 22 males and 40 females, aged 55-92 years, involving 86 vertebrae, were included and subjected to percutaneous vertebroplasty with polymethyl methacrylate bone cement injection under C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy. During the postoperative folow-up of 12 to 36 months, visual analogue scale scores, Cobb angle and Oswestry disability index scores were compared before and after the treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 12 to 36 months after treatment, there were 11 cases of complications, including 7 cases of bone cement leakage, 2 cases of adjacent vertebral fractures, 1 cases of bone cement tailing and 1 case of unsatisfactory pain relief. In the final folow-up, Cobb angle, visual analogue scale scores, Oswestry disability index scores were significantly improved compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05).These results demonstrate that percutaneous vertebroplasty with polymethyl methacrylate bone cement injection in the treatment of elderly osteoporotic compression fractures can not only restore vertebral shape, reduce kyphosis, reconstruct spinal stability, but also significantly reduce the pain caused by fractures and improve the life quality of patients. The curative effects in short and medium term are positive.
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Objective To construct p66shc gene interfering lentivirus vectors recombination and transfect it to 293T cells ,RNA interfering was carried out to induce p66shc gene silence ,so as to provide basis for further study of the p66shc function .Methods Screening of three RNA targets which were named after p66shc‐shc1 ,p66shc‐shc2 ,p66shc‐shc3 ,cloned into the pLenR‐GPH vec‐tor ,which contained green fluorescent protein(GFP) and transformed into DH5αcells .The positive clone were picked out for right sequencing and transfected to 293T cells with pRsv‐REV ,pMDlg‐pRRE ,pMD2G .The expression of GFP in inverted fluorescence microscope confirmed the virus packaging success .Fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot technology were used to investi‐gate the expression of p66shc at the molecular and protein levels ,p66shc‐shc1 target of effective silencing p66shc gene was selected to prepare for subsequent tests .Results The shRNA lentivirus vector was constructed which could express p66shc and was trans‐fected into 293T cells successfully .Fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot technology were used to investigate p66shc gene silence by RNA interference .Conclusion The lentivirus RNAi vector of targeted expression p66shc could induce p66shc gene si‐lence at the molecular and protein levels after transfected into 293T cells by RNA interference .
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression and significance of Eotaxin and RANTES in the rat model of allergic rhinitis (AR).@*METHOD@#20 female SD rats in 6-7 weeks were randomly divided into control group and AR group (n = 10, respectively). AR rat model was made with ovalbumin stimulation. To detect pathological changes in mucosa and chemokine Eotaxin, RANTES in their nasal and lung tissues after execution.@*RESULT@#Compared with the control group, Lung EOS cell counted higher in AR group and the difference was significant (P < 0.01); the AR rats nasal mucosa and lung tissue of Eotaxin, RANTES expression was significantly increased (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#There exist high expression of Eotaxin, RANTES, infiltration of eosinophils in nasal and lung tissue of model rats with allergic rhinitis, inferring that the upper and lower respiratory tract inflammatory response has obvious consistency.
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Animals , Female , Rats , Chemokine CCL11 , Metabolism , Chemokine CCL5 , Metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , Lung , Metabolism , Nasal Mucosa , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Rhinitis, Allergic , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effects of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the hyperoxia-induced lung injury in premature rats. Methods Forty-eight premature Wistar rats were randomized into two groups 12 hours after birth:hyperoxia group (n=24) inhaled 95%oxygen and control group (n=24) inhaled air. Eight rats were sacriifced in each group on day 1, 3, 7 after the treatment and the left lungs were embedded. The pathological changes in the HE stained sections of lung tissues were observed. The expressions of ER related protein ERp57 and c/EBP homologous protein CHOP were detected by immuno histo-chemistry and the apoptosis of lung cells was detected by TUNEL analysis. Results The typical pathological characteristics of acute lung injury were observed in hyperoxia group. The expressions of ERp57 and CHOP were increased with the exposure time in hyperoxia group, and were signiifcantly higher than in control group (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate of lung cells in hyperoxia group was signiifcantly higher than in control group (P<0.01). There was signiifcant positive correlation between cell apoptosis index and expressions of Erp57 and c/EBP homogeneous protein. Conclusions ER stress initiated apoptosis participates and plays an important role in the process of hyperoxia-induced lung injury in premature rats.
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Objectives To explore the role of PKCβ/p66Shc oxidative stress signaling pathway in hyperoxia-induced apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells A549. Methods A549 cells were cultured in vitro and divided randomly into control (incubated with 5%CO2), hyperoxia group (exposed to a mixture of 900 ml/L O2 and 50 ml/L CO2 at speed of 3 L/min for 10 mins, then cultured in a closed environment) and LY333531 group (treated with 10μmol/L of PKCβinhibitor LY333531 for 24h then induced with hyperoxia for 10 mins). The cellular morphology was observed under inverted microscope at 12, 24 and 48 h of treatment. The cell apoptosis was detected by lfow cytometry. Expression of PKCβ/Pin1/p66Shc/p66Shc-Ser36 were detected by immunohistochemistry after 24 h of treatment. Results Comparing to the control group, the cellular morphology of A549 in the hyperoxia group changed to spherical shapes and space between cells increased, the living cell count decreased and suspension cell increased. The living cell count in LY333531 group increased and suspension cell decreased than those in hyperoxia group but not reach the levels of the control group. The apoptosis rate of A549 cells and the expression of PKCβ/Pin1/p66Shc/p66Shc-Ser36 at 24 h were signiifcantly increased in the hyperoxia group than those in the control group, while the apoptosis rate and the expression of PKCβ/Pin1/p66Shc/p66Shc-Ser36 were greatly decreased in the LY333531 group than those in the hyperoxia group (all P<0.01). Conclusions The expression of PKCβin A549 cells can be increased by the hyper-oxia induction but reduced by LY333531, and then the expressions of Pin1, p66Shc and p66Shc-Ser36 are reduced. Thus the re-duced apoptosis of A549 cells relieve the cell injury induced by hyperoxia.
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Objective To explore the potential mechanism of abnormal behavior resulted from maternal separation in neo-natal period in rat. Methods Neonatal rats were equally and randomly divided into maternal separation group and control group. The rats in maternal separation group were separated from the dam for 3h per day on postnatal days (PND) 2 to 21, nothing was done to the rats in the control group. The brain tissues were taken out after being killed on PND 7, 14, and 21. The expressions of Caveolin-l, BDNF and GFAP in hippocampal formation were detected by immunohistochemistry. Semiquantitative assessment of immunohistochemical images was performed by Image-Pro Plus software. Results Compared with control groups, the expres-sion of Caveolin-l on PND 7 had no signiifcant change, while BDNF and GFAP were signiifcantly increased in maternal separa-tion group (P<0.05). On PND 14 and 21, the expressions of Caveolin-l, BDNF and GFAP were signiifcantly decreased in maternal separation group (P<0.05). Conclusions Decreased expressions of Caveolin-l, BDNF and GFAP caused by maternal separation in neonatal period may be associated with abnormal behaviors in adulthood in rat.
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Objective To investigate the role of Astragahs in alleviating adhesion of neutrophils to HK-2 cells induced by postasphyxial-serum of neonate and its signal transduction mechanism. MethodsHK-2 cells were used as target cell. Control group, asphyxia group, Astragalus group were divided in the experiment. The 20％ (volume fraction) postasphyxial-serum was used as attacking factor. The following indicators were detected: cellular morphology and neutrophils adhesion were observed with inverted microscope. The activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the cell suspension were determined by biochemistry assay as the indicator for adhesion of neutrophils to HK-2. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) were examined by flow eytometer. ResultsThe neutrophils numbers (MPO activity) and ICAM-1 expression in asphyxia group were higher than that of the control group, but dramatically decreased in Astragalus group (P < 0.05). ConclusionsThese data demonstrated that Astragalus could alleviate the adhesion of neutrophils from neonate with asphyxia to HK-2 and it' s intracellular signal transduction mechanism is presumably involved in the inhibition of ICAM-1 expression on HK-2 cellular membrane.